Obesity can lead to serious joint problems

DANVILLE – Obesity can cause many long-term medical problems, but one of the lesser-known complications is the risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA).

OA – characterized by chronic soreness or stiffness in the hands, hips, knees and spine – is one of the most common joint disorders. This condition develops gradually as cartilage deteriorates, said Eric Newman, M.D., Director, Geisinger Rheumatology.

“Osteoarthritis is a serious medical condition that progressively deteriorates over time, and can lead to daily pain, extreme discomfort and even disability,” Dr. Newman said. “Obesity puts stress on the joints, and therefore can drastically increase the possibility of developing osteoarthritis.”

Studies have shown that obese women are four times more likely to develop OA in the knees. The risk is five times greater for obese men. Being overweight by only 10 pounds can increase force put on the knees by 30 to 60 pounds with each step.

Because OA occurs after cartilage has deteriorated, treatment options are limited. “The goal of treating osteoarthritis is to minimize pain and maintain joint functionality,” Dr. Newman said, citing examples such as physical therapy, pain medications and rest. “But there is no cure. Treatment for osteoarthritis merely helps patients cope with the condition.”

Dr. Newman stressed that if a patient is obese, weight loss can be extremely effective in reducing the pain associated with OA in the knees and hips. “Losing weight alleviates stress on the joints, and therefore allows a patient with OA to function better,” he said.

Participating in low-impact aerobic exercises can be particularly effective, he explained. “Long walks, swimming, cycling and stair climbing are excellent ways to burn calories and contribute to weight loss, without placing excessive stress on joints,” Dr. Newman said.

Many activities do not require a gym membership or expensive equipment.

Most importantly, individuals should make a commitment to be active every day, said Dr. Newman.

“By making a dedicated, conscious effort to be active on a daily basis, the chances of both staying overweight and developing joint injuries can be significantly reduced,” he said.

About Geisinger Health System
Founded in 1915, Geisinger Health System (Danville, Pa.) is one of the nation’s largest integrated health services organizations.  Serving more than two million residents throughout central and northeastern Pennsylvania, the physician-led organization is at the forefront of the country's rapidly emerging electronic health records movement. Geisinger is comprised of two medical center campuses, three hospitals, a 740-member group practice, a not-for-profit health insurance company and the Henry Hood Center for Health Research—dedicated to creating innovative new models for patient care, satisfaction and clinical outcomes. For more information, visit www.geisinger.org.